There has been a global reduction in cases of
leprosy over the past twenty-years due to the combined efforts of WHO, local
governments, health professionals, and non-governmental organizations.
Nonetheless, the number of cases remains relatively high.
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| Leprosy |
Data compiled by WHO
indicates that approximately 182, 000 people, mainly in Asia and Africa, were
affected with the disease at the beginning of 2012, with approximately 219, 000
new cases reported during 2011. These numbers represent significant reductions
from the 5 million cases estimated during 1985 and the estimated 3 million
cases in 1995. Read More>>>>>
The
Spanish Constitution in its article 43 establishes the Right to Health and its
development, through the General Health Law, urges the Sistema Nacional de
Salud (SNS) and los Servicios Sanitarios de las Comunidades Autónomas (CCAA) to
develop Comprehensive Plans or Autonomic Health Plans.
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| Chronic Diseases |
In 2003, the Law was
approved (16/2003) on Cohesion and Quality of SNS, that recommends the
elaboration of Comprehensive Health Plans for the most prevalent, relevant or
special pathologies involving a socio-family burden, guaranteeing comprehensive
health care that includes prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation. Read More>>>
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| Yellow Fever |
As molecular epidemiological data shown, YFV has seven
genotypes distribution geographically and it associates with a specific
genotype in one outbreak. YFV infection has Jungle type and city type. The type
of the jungle is transmitted in the form of monkey-mosquito-monkey. However,
human is the main source of city type. The main clinical symptoms are fever,
jaundice, hemorrhage and proteinuria, 5% to 20% of patients manifested clinical
symptoms, a small number of patients came to severe case and death. Read More>>>>>
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| Hepatitis B virus (HBV) |
Every year, over one million individuals die
due to HBV-related causes. The retrospective part of this study with a
relatively small number of studied patients could be limitations in such a
study, but being a real life data of West Asian, with HBV genotype D has its
weight, adding to our daily practical knowledge and experience. Read More>>>>>>>
Tuberculosis
(TB) is a disease that affects both humans and animals. Humans are
predominantly infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis whereas animals by M.
bovis; however, both are susceptible to both species, with no significant
clinical, radiological or pathological differences.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
and M. bovis are 99.9% similar at the nucleotide and 16S rRNA sequences,
virtually identical M. bovis has usually neglected as an important pathogen in
human tuberculosis; nevertheless, different studies in different populations
have shown that M. bovis has an important role in human tuberculosis. In past
decades, retrospective studies on stored samples reported that TB due to M. bovis
is between 8 and 10%. Read More>>>>>>>>>>>
Although
Mycoplasma genitalium is well documented as a causative pathogen in
non-gonococcal, non-chlamydial urethritis in men; the manifestations of
infection in women are less well described. There is now evidence suggesting it
causes cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in women. One of the
major limitations encountered in the study of M. genitalium is that it is
fastidious and difficult to culture.
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| Mycoplasma genitalium |
Although there is no U.S food and drug
administration (FDA) approved commercial detection system, the availability of
molecular methods for research and commercial purposes has altered our ability
to derive valid information about the pathogenicity of this bacterium. There
have been more studies in recent years researching into its pathogenicity and
treatment. Read More>>>>>>
