Tuberculosis
still remains the primary cause of tendon sheath infection even though it is an
uncommon site of extra-articular TB. Due to its delayed initial diagnosis and
because it mimics many other disease processes, many complications arise
secondary to tuberculous tenosynovitis. Median nerve compression leading to carpal
tunnel syndrome may also occur in these patients. This report discusses the
imaging findings on MRI of a patient who presented with wrist swelling and was
confirmed to have tuberculosis of the wrist on histopathological examination. Read more>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Low plasma zinc levels directly affect
the immune system because zinc is an important co-factor in the maturation of
CD4 cells, which are part of the T-cell system of the immune system. In
addition, zinc is important for many catalytic enzymatic activity and
protein/DNA synthesis. Due to its importance and pervasiveness in all tissues,
zinc deficiency has many adverse effects such as impairing the reconstitution
of the immune function in PLWH. In 1996, antiretroviral therapy (ART) was first
used to successfully control the HIV viral load and become the standard of
treatment for HIV. The treatment, however, has been associated with hyperglycemia
and type 2 diabetes. As a result, PLWH are at a higher risk of developing type
2 diabetes and subsequently cardiovascular disease after initiation of ART. Read more>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Throughout
the history of medicine, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has
played a significant role in the treatment of cancer patients. In 1999, the
National Institutes of Health (NIH) created the National Center for
Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) in recognition of this growing
field. Research funding to the NCCAM has risen from $ 2 million in 1992 to $50
million by 2000 and is expected to be more than $110 million by the mid-2000’.
A survey conducted in 2005 indicated that approximately 35.9% of cancer
patients attempted use of CAM during their treatment course. In fact, that
percentage may be even higher as studies have shown that many patients do not
disclose the use of CAM therapy unless asked specifically. Physicians poorly
communicate with their patients regarding the potential benefits or harms of
CAM because they have minimal understanding of CAM therapy and its
physiological role in managing diseases. Patients are often dissatisfied with
their physicians’ lack of knowledge regarding CAM therapy. Patients who have a
history of incorporating CAM into their management plan are generally driven by
personal beliefs and principles regarding life and health. Read more>>>>>>>>>>>>>
It provides a cushion against the constricting gravid
uterus allowing the fetus room for movement, growth and protecting it from external
trauma. The space around the fetus is necessary for the normal development,
maturation of fetal lungs, and development of limbs. Amniotic fluid plays a
major role in the homeostasis of fluid and electrolytes and fetal body
temperature. Early period of fetal development a clear fluid collects in the
amniotic cavity surrounding the embryo. The amount increases rapidly with the
growth of the fetal products, averaging 50 ml at 12 weeks of pregnancy, 400 ml
at 20 weeks of pregnancy. During the last few week of pregnancy the volume of
amniotic fluid usually decreases. Read more>>>>>>>>>>>>
The
common cold has afflicted humanity since antiquity. Hippocrates described the
common cold as “a running at the nose and . . . a discharge from the nostrils .
. . it makes the nose swell and renders it hot and inflamed.”. The ancient
Egyptians were also familiar with the common cold, having a hieroglyph for the
disease, and prescribed “the administration of milk of one who has borne a male
child and fragrant gum”.
Other ancient remedies included bleeding patients, and
kissing the muzzle of a mouse. Despite our growth in medical knowledge and
understanding, modern treatments for the common cold have advanced little. No
known cure for the common cold exists, yet the disease imposes costs of around
$40 billion per year in the United States, and is the leading cause for doctor
visits and missed school days. Respiratory infections are the leading causes of
death for children under age 5, and recurring viral infections during infancy
may lead to the development of asthma later in life. Read more>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
