Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant
(XDR) tuberculosis are generally thought to have high mortality rates. However,
many cases can be treated with the right combination and rational use of
available antituberculosis drugs.
This Review describes the evidence available
for each drug and discusses the basis for recommendations for the treatment of patients with MDR and XDR tuberculosis. The recommended regimen is the
combination of at least four drugs to which the Mycobacterium tuberculosis
isolate is likely to be susceptible. Drugs are chosen with a stepwise selection
process through five groups on the basis of efficacy, safety, and cost. Among
the first group (the oral first-line drugs) high-dose isoniazid, pyrazinamide,
and ethambutol are thought of as an adjunct for the treatment of MDR and XDR
tuberculosis. Read more>>>>>>>>>>
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